Eddie Bone - Why Labour should support an English parliament
The former Labour cabinet minister George Robertson declared that devolution would "kill nationalism stone dead". Instead, it turned out to be the biggest threat the Union has ever faced. Devolution has given the Scottish National Party [SNP] the platform it needs to fulfil its dream of disbanding the United Kingdom
Alex Salmond is proving just as adept at manipulating English public opinion as Scottish public opinion. The Campaign for an English Parliament , which I chair, has noticed a sharp increase in calls for English independence in line with the SNP’s campaign for Scottish independence. A ComRes survey for Newsnight showed that 36 per cent of people in England (and 47 per cent of skilled manual workers) now want England to become an independent state and to break up the United Kingdom.
The devolutionary problem is that it is too easy for nationalist politicians to indulge in political point scoring by blaming Westminster for their problems. And at a time of unprecedented public austerity these tensions are exacerbated yet further.
There are now distinct differences in state provision, including health, education (most notably tuition fees) and elderly care, between the different nations of the UK. These divisions are deliberately emphasised by nationalist politicians with the aim of inflaming national passions. And not only ostensibly nationalist politicians. Rhodri Morgan, Labour’s former First Minister for Wales, declared that his aim is to "make the English feel jealous". But it is encouraging to hear Carwyn Jones now talk about the need for an English parliament.
The Union will only survive if it treats all its citizens fairly and equally. We need a solution that is fair to all the UK's constituent nations, and that allows us to separate what divides us, from what unites us. If this is done in good faith, then there is no reason why a renewed Union cannot be cemented. At least, if it is done early enough, and before attitudes have hardened too far on all sides and the talk of independence becomes too entrenched
The only answer to these problems is to reinstate an English parliament matching those parliaments already granted to Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. As Tony Benn proposed in his 1991 Private Member’s Bill "The Commonwealth of Britain", this would mean national parliaments dealing with the issues that concern the individual nations of the United Kingdom. Just as there is no better way to drive a wedge between us than by treating the people of England as lesser citizens, there is no better way of reinforcing the UK family than by recognising our individual needs and treating us all equally.
The problem is that Westminster MPs will not vote for an English parliament that takes away most of their domestic powers. This is naked careerist self-interest. The remaining federal responsibilities would only need a much smaller Union parliament or, in other words, one with fewer MPs. And so even though every MP lost from the Union parliament could be an MP gained by an English parliament, they don't want to take the risk of voting themselves out of a job.
There are other arguments against the restoration of an English parliament, of course. But they fall apart under the slightest scrutiny. The first of these is that an English Parliament would be inevitably dominated by the Conservative Party. Yet the same was said about the "inevitable" Labour domination of the Scottish and Welsh Parliaments, which simply did not happen. Democracy has a tendency to find a balance. An English parliament would be accompanied by a resurgent Labour movement in England under an English Labour Party, which in turn would improve the party’s standing in Westminster.
Labour established devolution in the first place in order to defend Scotland and Wales from what it saw as the depredations of an over-mighty Conservative parliament at Westminster. The same opportunity is now presenting itself. For instance, England's forests were put up for sale by the coalition but the forests of Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland were all protected by their respective parliaments.
The second argument is that the current problems with the restored Scottish parliament would be replicated in a restored English parliament. This is unlikely as long as the resentment now building in England is dealt before the Scottish independence referendum. Labour cannot wait, procrastination will be fatal. National Devolution has emphasised the fault lines within the Union. Indeed, rather than trying to deny that these exist it is necessary to cement the Union along these lines by going still further and creating a federal state - the only practical way of separating what divides us from what unites us.
Nor is England "too big" for a federation to work. A federation would directly address the problem of an out-sized England because English voting weight would affect only England itself. If a federation with England wouldn't work then a Union without a federation's protections certainly couldn't - except of course it did, for nearly 300 years before being undermined by devolution.
In his book Will Britain Survive Beyond 2020?, the Welsh Conservative Assembly Member David Melding argued: "The best way to preserve Britain as a multi-national state is to accept that the UK...requires a new settlement. This settlement will need to be federal in character so that the sovereignties of the Home Nations and the UK State can be recognised in their respective jurisdictions". Henry McLeish, the former First Minister of Scotland, was also the man who saw the Scotland Act through Westminster. When speaking to the Calman Commission (on Scottish Devolution) he said that the English need a voice, and that he doesn't think that our current asymmetrical devolution can be sustained. Furthermore, and I quote: "We must move towards some balanced framework, a quasi-federal framework, where it can make some sense rather than the English feeling aggrieved. At the end of the day, their grief and their anger spills over on to us."
It's not too late to resolve the problems that devolution has caused. But time is short. What do you chose – dissolution of the UK or a federal UK? If the latter, then action is urgently needed.
Eddie Bone is the chair of The Campaign for an English Parliament.
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Comments
on 27 July 2012, 12:32:27 PM
Assembly even regional have to have teeth they have to be able to say yes or no, otherwise it's just another tier of jobs for the boys and girls in politics.
on 24 July 2012, 2:38:19 PM
I sensed the "peripatetic" parliament(s) argument might surface.
Yes,the monarchs of England did perambulate;
Winchester and Northampton were part-time capitals,
amongst many others.In the age of the internet this is
a redundant concept,a waste of resources.
Like Dylan Thomas I'm not a sensitive Celt;but let
the Celtic parliaments get on with their functions
without having to acquire a Brownian "British" aura
every so often.
The catastrophic meltdowns in communities of Spain like
Andulucia and Valencia are substantially due to puffed-up mini-me
party politicos strutting their dodgy and malodrous stuff.
Why would you want to give their English regional kin a gravy train
to the same greasy destinations!
on 24 July 2012, 9:37:14 AM
Thus there is no need for the House of Commons to have MPs from all four UK nations: it should contain only English MPs, with each Celtic nation having its own parliament consisting of locally elected MPs.
The House of Lords should then become fully elected, and function as the upper house for the entire United Kingdom. It would at last become a truly proper second chamber for the United Kingdom, rather like the US Senate acts for the USA.
The House of Lords would hold the BRITISH Prime Minister and the BRITISH cabinet to account, whose responsibilities would be only defence, foreign affairs and perhaps matters of macro economic importance affecting the UK as a whole.
All other affairs could, and must, be the responsibility of each nation’s own parliament.
I hope readers of this website would agree that the members of my proposed House of Lords should be elected from ALL four nations in the UK.
As a further refinement to assuage Celtic sensitivities, the House of Lords could be made peripatetic: i.e. it could sit for three months in the capital city of each UK nation. e.g. Winter in London, Spring in Cardiff and so on. There is precedence for this: in olden days Parliament would follow the monarch round England and Wales. A peripatetic Upper House would help to cement acceptance of federal governance in all four nations of the United Kingdom.
on 18 July 2012, 7:33:03 PM
If Dylan wasn't drunk when making his points on Welsh
Nationalism I can understand that contemplating the prospect
of windbaggery the size of several blimps over Cardiff
might have spurred him on to another few bevvies!
Don't get me wrong~pride and aspiration in nation are
fine within rational limits.
It's the insertion of another inferior tier of self-righteous
politicos exploiting this that makes my stomach heave.
And,as I think you implied,that's what it well might be,
party politics in another guise with a few additions to the mix.
What good can really come of it all?
on 18 July 2012, 2:59:34 PM
English Nationalism in so far as it exists can be differentiated from the case for an English Parliament. What will matter will be its powers and the interests it serves.
on 18 July 2012, 2:08:53 PM
English Nationalism just takes that the "n"th. degree,pure chewed cardboard.At least Wales has a vibrant living language and culture.
Any parliament would have to be in London anyway.The representatives would be polituchos of the muddiest water spouting stumbling cliche.
Better a thousand times the intrigues and passages of arms of a metropolitan war of wits,than some earnest pedant "making his mark" and trying to preserve his Kings Lynn roots.
If in doubt observe the purescent morass that is regional autonomy in Spain.
An idea whose time has come and long gone!
on 16 July 2012, 8:51:04 PM
on 16 July 2012, 8:38:02 PM
on 16 July 2012, 6:46:54 PM
on 15 July 2012, 2:07:42 PM
The arguments for an English Parliament should not be conflated with the English Nationalist Party. The ENP has always attracted the odd weird character are two. Older contributors to this site will remember the Labour MP and crook, John Stonehouse. With cash and mistress he disappeared, (pretended to drown himself.) When he was caught and before being sent to prison, he spent his final months as an MP sitting as an English Nationalist.
Doncaster has an ENP Mayor because for years the Labour Party in that city was rotten to the core and people were sick to the back teeth with it.
on 15 July 2012, 9:37:54 AM
I have never observed and read so much twaddle in one article
on 14 July 2012, 8:00:12 PM
If there is to be a federal UK, the units must be English regions. A single England makes no sense at all
For another thing, England just is not a "nation" or "psychological entity" in the same way that Scotland and Wales are.
Harry Barnes
Moves for an English Parliament, would add to the likelihood of Scotland voting for independence
I have this to say in response to the above comments:
I was born in England which IS a country in its own right just as Wales and Scotland are.
The fact that the last Labour Government and current coalition Government choose to deny England democratic recognition does not make it any less so.
How England is governed whether it be as regions or based on its ancient shires is for an English Parliament to decide.
As for moves for an English Parliament adding to the likelihood of Scotland voting for independence then so be it.
Why should either I or my country be denied the right to self-determination just to appease those living north of the border?
on 14 July 2012, 4:07:01 PM
on 14 July 2012, 10:27:10 AM
England must be given the same respect and the different needs of parts of England addressed by an English Parliament. Otherwise this ancient country, unified for over a millennium, will be left with what Will Hutton called ‘a witches brew of internecine rivalries’.
Clearly, without an English parliament to arbitrate, the wealthier parts of England will resist losing their income to those parts that are economically vulnerable. The alternative is to leave all power to decide allocation of funds in the hands of the British Government where it is now and from where we in England, year on year, receive the least per capita funding in matters of health, welfare, education and transport; those matters for which the devolved administrations are serving their citizens so well!
The assertion that moves towards an English parliament would push Scotland towards independence is pure speculation.
on 14 July 2012, 9:09:03 AM
However the reality is that independence especially in scotland is made easier by any right wing government in westminster. The south east is perceived as the bastion of free market capitalism. NewLabour's love affair with the city of london only consolidated that view with working class voters right across the UK.
The labour party in essence broke the balance especially in scotland by moving to the right, hence the SNP being now perceived as the true left of centre party. Of course as in scotland and wales the english have every right to choose their political destiny. From a socialist and internationalist standpoint this is always difficult. Working people are surely in a weaker position in a divided UK, the north of england especially would be vulnerable.
In my opinion a federal social democratic state of great britain is more appealing, however we need political parties that actually believe in the same thing.
on 13 July 2012, 8:40:08 PM
To trivialise the complexities of what is an English multicultural identity by equating England with any part of Britain that is not, Wales, Scotland, or Northern Ireland is lazy and self indulgent. Worse than that, it is the kind of ruling class nonsense that still thinks that London and the Home Counties are England and that the UK state is in effect greater in England.
It is asserted: “For another thing, England just is not a "nation" or "psychological entity" in the same way that Scotland and Wales are.” What on earth does that mean in substance? What does it mean in the context of England? What does it mean in the context of Wales? What does it mean in the context of Scotland? What material phenomena apparently forms the Welsh and Scottish ‘nations’ and in each case a “psychological entity” (whatever that pretend intellectual term means,) that is not found in England?
The nations within Great Britain are going to be come in effect independent, (and even more interdependent at the same time,) by dint of formal separation, membership of the evolving EU Confederation and the dynamics of global neoliberal capitalism.
Whatever the constitutional relationships between the nations of Great Britain, (and for that matter relationships with Ireland,) become, of far greater importance will be the role and power of the working class.
PS: my amendment applies to the 1st paragraph of my earlier posting not the 2nd.
on 13 July 2012, 7:53:45 PM
Our own Parliament,yes. But not this bloodless dismemberment of the Nation.
on 13 July 2012, 7:10:42 PM
For another thing, England just is not a "nation" or "psychological entity" in the same way that Scotland and Wales are. Of course there is an "emotional England" but it does not encompass anywhere near all of the present default entity of that name, which means little more than "That part of the UK that is not Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland". Football, cricket and rugby may have shifted this a bit in recent years, but not by that much.
Even if Scotland and Wales were to become completely independent states (very unlikely I think), we would still need a large measure of devolution within "England".
Incidentally, Greater London is also not really part of England. The powers of the London Assembly should be greatly enhanced as part of any change of the kind we are contemplating here.
To gain public support (and counter accusations of "more unwanted layers of bureaucracy"), it is important to guarantee that there be no overall increase in the number of civil servants.
Of course, the Whitehall establishment will never stand for any of this, so it is all pie in the sky.
P.Temperton (Director 1976-1981, Campaign for the North)
on 13 July 2012, 6:50:32 PM
The English should be given a referendum on an English parliament. Apparently, the only reason we are denied one is because we would vote for for an English parliament.
Regions are persistently the most unpopular option for home-rule in England, but Labour, the Lib dems and Conservatives keep foisting them on the English. Every distraction imaginable is being used to divert attention from an English parliament, AV, city mayors (both comprehensibly rejected in England) and now House of Lords reform.
The obviously choice for the latter is an elected English parliament replacing the unelected Lords, that does not oversee the devolved chambers anyway.
It would be nice to be asked for once whether we want an English parliament.
on 13 July 2012, 6:25:08 PM
on 13 July 2012, 6:14:57 PM
on 13 July 2012, 6:12:18 PM
It is unlikely that, - for instance- an English Labour Party led by Jon Cruddas and espousing an odious and patronising Blue Labour view of parts of the working class in England, will gain much traction beyond Primrose Hill and The Guardian.
on 13 July 2012, 6:09:34 PM
on 13 July 2012, 5:35:31 PM
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